解剖学和形态学
麻醉学
听力与言语-语言病理学
行为科学
心脏和心血管系统
细胞和组织工程学
临床神经病学
危重症监护医学
牙科,口腔外科和医学
皮肤病学
急诊医学
内分泌学和新陈代谢
肠胃学和肝脏学
老人病学和老年医学
卫生保健科学和服务
血液学
免疫学
传染病
综合和补充性医学
医学伦理学
医学信息学
医学实验室技术
医学,全科和内科
医学,法律
医学,研究和试验
神经系统科学
护理
营养学和饮食学
产科医学和妇科医学
肿瘤学
眼科学
整形外科学
耳鼻喉科学
病理学
儿科学
周围血管疾病
药理学和药剂学
生理学
基本医疗保健
精神病学
公共、环境和职业卫生
放射学,核医学和医学成像
康复学
生殖生物学
呼吸系统
风湿病学
运动科学
外科学
毒理学
热带医学
泌尿学和肾脏学
病毒学
老年医学
健康政策和服务
心理学,临床
abstract::One of the hallmarks of diffusion NMR and MRI is its ability to utilize restricted diffusion to probe compartments much smaller than the excited volume or the MRI voxel, respectively, and to extract microstructural information from them. Single-pulsed field gradient (s-PFG) MR methodologies have been employed with gre...
journal_title:NMR in biomedicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/nbm.1550
更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::In order to investigate intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration and repair, a quantitative non-invasive tool is needed. Various MRI methods including qCPMG, which yields dipolar echo relaxation time (T(DE)), magnetization transfer contrast (MTC), and (1)H and (2)H double quantum filtered (DQF) MRI were used in the pres...
journal_title:NMR in biomedicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/nbm.1493
更新日期:2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this study, the upper-limit volume (gas plus partial tissue volume) as well as absolute volume (gas only) of lungs measured with hyperpolarized (3)He-MR imaging is compared with that determined by micro-computed tomography (CT) under similar ventilation conditions in normal rats. Five Brown Norway rats (210-259 g) ...
journal_title:NMR in biomedicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/nbm.1470
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Management of brain tumours in children would benefit from improved non-invasive diagnosis, characterisation and prognostic biomarkers. Metabolite profiles derived from in-vivo MRS have been shown to provide such information. Studies indicate that using optimum a priori information on metabolite contents in the constr...
journal_title:NMR in biomedicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/nbm.1432
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In many small animals there are distinct differences in fiber-type composition among limb muscles, and these differences typically correspond to marked disparities in the oxidative capacities. However, whether there are similar differences in the oxidative capacity among leg muscles in humans is less clear. The purpos...
journal_title:NMR in biomedicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/nbm.1413
更新日期:2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::To understand and predict the blood-oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) fMRI signal, an accurate knowledge of the relationship between cerebral blood flow (DeltaCBF) and volume (DeltaCBV) changes is critical. Currently, this relationship is widely assumed to be characterized by Grubb's power-law, derived from primate d...
journal_title:NMR in biomedicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/nbm.1411
更新日期:2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Encoding of spatial information in magnetic resonance imaging is conventionally accomplished by using magnetic field gradients. During gradient encoding, the position in k-space is determined by a time-integral of the gradient field, resulting in a limitation in imaging speed due to either gradient power or secondary ...
journal_title:NMR in biomedicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/nbm.1399
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Traditional methods of measuring magnetization in magnetic fluid samples, such as vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM), are typically limited to maximum field strengths of about 1 T. This work demonstrates the ability of MRI to measure the magnetization associated with two commercial MRI contrast agents at 3 T by compa...
journal_title:NMR in biomedicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/nbm.1412
更新日期:2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The sodium-calcium exchanger (NCX) is one of the transporters contributing to the control of intracellular calcium (Ca(2+)) concentration by normally mediating net Ca(2+) efflux. However, the reverse mode of the NCX can cause intracellular Ca(2+) concentration overload, which exacerbates the myocardial tissue injury r...
journal_title:NMR in biomedicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/nbm.1414
更新日期:2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to investigate the diffusion time dependence of signal-versus-b curves obtained from diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI) of sub-acute ischaemic lesions in stroke patients. In this case series study, 16 patients with sub-acute ischaemic stroke were examined with DW-MRI using...
journal_title:NMR in biomedicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/nbm.1376
更新日期:2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Development and evaluation of new anticancer drugs are expedited when minimally invasive biomarkers of pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic behaviour are available. Gene-directed enzyme prodrug therapy (GDEPT) is a suicide gene therapy in which the anticancer drug is activated in the tumor by an exogenous enzyme previo...
journal_title:NMR in biomedicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/nbm.1375
更新日期:2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::With a fixed time to acquire a magnetic resonance (MR) image, time can be spent to acquire better spatial resolution with decrease in signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) or decreased resolution with increase in SNR. This resolution/SNR tradeoff at fixed time has been investigated by a visual rater study using images of ex viv...
journal_title:NMR in biomedicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/nbm.1359
更新日期:2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::A quantitative magnetization transfer (qMT) technique was employed to quantify the ratio of the sizes of the bound and free water proton pools in ex vivo mouse brains. The goal was to determine the pool size ratio sensitivity to myelin. Fixed brains from both shiverer mice and control littermates were imaged. The pool...
journal_title:NMR in biomedicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/nbm.1358
更新日期:2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of gadolinium (III) diethyltriaminepenta-acetic acid (Gd-DTPA) mixed with a fixative on the image contrast between the white and gray matter of the perfusion-fixed mouse brain. A series of microscopic MRI (microMRI) studies using different concentrations of Gd-DT...
journal_title:NMR in biomedicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/nbm.1324
更新日期:2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::A number of NMR spectroscopic and microscopic MRI (microMRI) techniques were used to study proton dynamics in canine tendon and articular cartilage immersed in normal saline solution (NaCl solution) and high-concentration phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) solution. In a proton CPMG experiment on tendons, the T(2) relaxa...
journal_title:NMR in biomedicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/nbm.1294
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::To assess infarction development in pig hearts, Mn-enhanced and Gd-enhanced MRI were used. In domestic pigs (25-35 kg, n = 37), the first and second diagonal branches of the left anterior descending coronary artery were ligated to induce acute ischemia and infarction (ischemia+reperfusion) or chronic infarction of inc...
journal_title:NMR in biomedicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/nbm.1297
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::In vivo 1H MRS is rapidly developing as a clinical tool for diagnosing and characterizing breast cancers. Many in vivo and in vitro experiments have demonstrated that alterations in concentrations of choline-containing metabolites are associated with malignant transformation. In recent years, considerable efforts have...
journal_title:NMR in biomedicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/nbm.1217
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Citicoline supplementation has been used to ameliorate memory disturbances in older people and those with Alzheimer's disease. This study used MRS to characterize the effects of citicoline on high-energy phosphate metabolites and constituents of membrane synthesis in the frontal lobe. Phosphorus ((31)P) metabolite dat...
journal_title:NMR in biomedicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/nbm.1281
更新日期:2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::An effective method for in vivo detection of early therapeutic response of patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma would enable personalized clinical management of cancer therapy and facilitate the design of optimal treatment regimens. This study evaluates the feasibility of T(2)-weighted MRI (T2WI) and diffusion-weighte...
journal_title:NMR in biomedicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/nbm.1261
更新日期:2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::A short-echo spectroscopic imaging sequence extended with a frequency-selective multiple-quantum- coherence technique (Sel-MQC) is presented. The method enables acquisition of a complete water-suppressed proton spectrum with a short echo time and filtering of the J-coupling metabolite, lactate, from co-resonant lipids...
journal_title:NMR in biomedicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/nbm.1284
更新日期:2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cerebral edema is a major complication of acute liver failure but may also be seen in other forms of liver failure such as acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) and chronic liver failure (CLF). ACLF develops in patients with previously well-compensated chronic liver disease following acute hepatitis A or E superimpose...
journal_title:NMR in biomedicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/nbm.1249
更新日期:2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) is a non-invasive imaging technique used to visualise and quantify mechanical properties of tissue, providing information beyond what can be currently achieved with standard MR sequences and could, for instance, provide new insight into pathological processes in the brain. This st...
journal_title:NMR in biomedicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/nbm.1254
更新日期:2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::By quantification of brain metabolites, localized brain proton MRS can non-invasively provide biochemical information from distinct regions of the brain. Quantification of short-TE signals is usually based on a metabolite basis set. The basis set can be obtained by two approaches: (1) by measuring the signals of metab...
journal_title:NMR in biomedicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/nbm.1234
更新日期:2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The goal of this study was to validate metabolite quantification at short TE, with particular focus on how to best account for the macromolecular signal contribution. A robust, short-TE PRESS protocol is presented, which allows reliable quantification, in vivo, of metabolite signals at 3 T in human brain. Water suppre...
journal_title:NMR in biomedicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/nbm.1219
更新日期:2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Raised concentrations of glucose for extended periods of time have detrimental effects on the insulin-producing beta-cell. As de novo synthesis of lipids has been observed under such conditions, it was hypothesized that newly formed lipids may preferentially contain saturated fatty acids, which in particular have been...
journal_title:NMR in biomedicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/nbm.1197
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Detailed (1)H and (13)C NMR spectroscopy of lipid extracts from 12 human intracranial tuberculomas and two control brain tissue samples was performed to assess the role of lipids in the disease process. One-dimensional and two-dimensional NMR techniques were used to resolve the mixture of lipid components and make res...
journal_title:NMR in biomedicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/nbm.1191
更新日期:2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Aminoacylase 1 deficiency is a novel inborn error of metabolism. The clinical significance of the deficiency is under discussion, as well as the possible consequences of the defect for brain metabolism and function. This study includes the five originally published cases as well as three novel ones. NMR spectroscopy o...
journal_title:NMR in biomedicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/nbm.1170
更新日期:2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Owing to the small quantity of tissue available in human biopsy specimens, aqueous and lipid components often have to be determined in the same tissue sample. Perchloric acid (PCA) used for the extraction of aqueous metabolites has a deleterious effect on lipid components; the severity of the damage is not known. In t...
journal_title:NMR in biomedicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/nbm.1159
更新日期:2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ability to assess the perfusion territories of major cerebral arteries can be a valuable asset to the diagnosis of a number of cerebrovascular diseases. Recently, several arterial spin labeling (ASL) techniques have been proposed for determining the cerebral perfusion territories of individual arteries by three di...
journal_title:NMR in biomedicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/nbm.1177
更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Determination of the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) of the prostate in men (n = 60) with raised prostate-specific antigen (PSA) or an abnormal digital rectal examination (DRE) prior to transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) guided biopsy using endorectal DWI is reported. Patients were categorized into different groups ba...
journal_title:NMR in biomedicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/nbm.1114
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::We propose a very high-resolution, three-dimensional (3D) gradient-echo technique with a twofold parallel imaging acceleration using a specialized occipital receiver coil at 3 T to perform functional MRI (fMRI) of the visual cortex. This configuration makes it possible to acquire 3D fMRI data within a timescale compat...
journal_title:NMR in biomedicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/nbm.1158
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Several obstacles usually confound a straightforward perfusion analysis using dynamic-susceptibility contrast-based magnetic resonance imaging (DSC-MRI). In this work, it became possible to eliminate some of these sources of error by combining a multiple gradient-echo technique with parallel imaging (PI): first, the l...
journal_title:NMR in biomedicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/nbm.1107
更新日期:2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mice are used in many studies to determine the role of genetic and molecular factors in mammalian development and human congenital diseases. MRI has emerged as a major method for analyzing mutant and transgenic phenotypes in developing mice, at both embryonic and neonatal stages. Progress in this area is reviewed, wit...
journal_title:NMR in biomedicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/nbm.1146
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A review of the theory, technology, and use of radio frequency (RF) coils for small-animal MRI is presented. It includes a brief overview of MR signal-to-noise (S/N) analysis and discussions of the various coils commonly used in small-animal MR: surface coils, linear volume coils, birdcages, and their derivatives. The...
journal_title:NMR in biomedicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/nbm.1149
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Results of the evaluation of transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) guided needle biopsy of voxels identified as suspicious of malignancy on magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) in a large cohort of men (n = 83) with abnormal digital rectal examination (DRE) [prostate specific antigen (PSA) 0-4 ng/ml] or PSA less th...
journal_title:NMR in biomedicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/nbm.1083
更新日期:2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The background underpinning the clinical use of ultrashort echo time, SPRITE and other pulse sequences for imaging bone and other connective tissues with short T2 is reviewed. Features of the basic physics relevant to UTE imaging are described, including the consequences when the radiofrequency pulse duration is of th...
journal_title:NMR in biomedicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/nbm.1100
更新日期:2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chronic pain is a major problem for the individual and for society. Despite a range of drugs being available to treat chronic pain, only inadequate pain relief can be achieved for many patients. There is therefore a need for the development of new analgesic compounds. The assessment of pain depends to date entirely on...
journal_title:NMR in biomedicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/nbm.1076
更新日期:2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::We describe the optimal high-level postprocessing of single-voxel (1)H magnetic resonance spectra and assess the benefits and limitations of automated methods as diagnostic aids in the detection of recurrent brain tumor. In a previous clinical study, 90 long-echo-time single-voxel spectra were obtained from 52 patient...
journal_title:NMR in biomedicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/nbm.1041
更新日期:2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this paper is to facilitate the comparison of magnetic resonance (MR) spectra acquired from unknown brain lesions with published spectra in order to help identify unknown lesions in clinical settings. The paper includes lists of references for published MR spectra of various brain diseases, including py...
journal_title:NMR in biomedicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/nbm.1039
更新日期:2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Following the development of parallel imaging, parallel transmission describes the use of multiple RF transmit coils. Parallel transmission can be applied to improve RF excitation, in particular, multidimensional, spatially selective RF excitation. For instance, parallel transmission is able to shorten spatially selec...
journal_title:NMR in biomedicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/nbm.1049
更新日期:2006-05-01 00:00:00